Obesity: is it a disease for children or woman, dietary management, myths.

 

Obesity: is it a disease for children or woman, dietary management, myths.

Obesity around the world cost 26 million lives a year. One of the biggest challenges of the 21^st century is the problem of child obesity. According to WHO, in 2019 alone, 38 million children suffering from obesity, each under the age of five.

13 and a half crore people of our country are obese, that is, not a small number, they are carrying a good amount of extra weight. According to the World Health Organization (WHO), there are about 1.9 billion obese people in the world. Not the end here, but the beginning of the story. Obesity alone kills 2.6 million every year.

As soon as fat accumulation in the abdomen, various diseases start settling in the body due to ischemic heart disease. Blood pressure rises. From there, heart disease begins in woman, Polycystic ovarian disease is also linked to obesity. Even if you gain weight while sitting at home in the cowardly atmosphere, there is a little awareness among people about weight loss.

The onset of obesity is in its infancy. This is because the children nowadays have working parents so they are unable to look after their child. So many times in case of children, the habit of eating from the canteen or from outside develops. This leads to obesity. In India the habit of eating trans-fat is developed in children and later in adults as well. Habits of eating fried foods may leads to obesity for both the children and the adults. From burger, pizzas, pastries, trans fat enters the body involuntarily. Visceral fat or abdominal fat, both are harmful.

Why it is said to be harmful ?

Fat is accumulated in different parts of the body is associated with heart attack, diabetes and hypertension. The more food you eat, the more calories or energy you need to burn. Otherwise it will remain as the fat cell in the body. Atherosclerosis can lead to serious problems, such as obesity, fatty deposits in the vessels of the heart, fatty liver, osteoarthritis, heart attacks- everything. So you need to be careful.

You can make try to make up for all the damage done to your body bt busyness, irregular eating, not taking time off to exercise, just by following a simple diet. But it is often seen that the desired result does not match. May be fat is not reduced even after following such rules.

One of the biggest problem of 21^st century is the problem of child obesity. WHO says that in 2019 alone, 38 million children worldwide will be obese, all under the age of five. This means that this number has increased further this year. So it is not right to force-feed the children. If they are hungry they will eat by themselves. Because the seed of obesity are being made from childhood.

Dietary Management In Obesity: The dietary obesity serve as a guide for the obese to make healthy food choices.

Energy: Energy or calorie is the key factor which will determine the outcome of dietary management for overweight/obese individuals. The energy requirements can be determined on the basis of ideal body weight.

ENERGY REQUIRMENT FOR –

SEDENTY – 20-25 Kcal/Kg 1 BW/day

MODERATE – 30 Kcal/Kg

HEAVY – 35Kcal/Kg

PROTEIN: About 0.8 – 1 gm protein/ Kg body weight is prescribed for tissue repair and specific dynamic action (SDA). Protein rich foods plant origin should be referred as compared to those of animal origin.

Fat: Fats, in the form of vegetable oils ( rich in MUFAs and PUFAs) so that sufficient essential fatty acids are supplied in the diet. Not more than 20% of the total energy should come from fats.

Carbohydrate: 50 – 55% of total calories may be from complex carbohydrates and 10% from simple carbohydrates. Low G.I foods are preferred.

Vitamins: If fat is restricted in the diet for a prolonged period of time, the diet may be deficient in fat – soluble Vitamins – A and D.

Minerals: A diet height in sodium may promote retention of fluid in the body.

Fluids: Liberal amounts of water and low calorie fluids may be included in the diet.

Fiber: High fiber low calorie foods like green leafy vegetables, fruits, salads, whole grain cereals and pulses may be included in the diet. It has many advantages:-

          I.            Low in calorie density

       II.            Provide vitamins and minerals

     III.            Give satiety

    IV.            Regulate bowel movement

      V.            Reduce blood cholesterol

    VI.            Promote and decreases rate of intake of food.

Dietary guidelines:

·       Patient should be given proper counselling and education for better proper management of weight and proper food intake.

·       Modification of normal diet is the best way of planning good reducing diet.

·       Carbonated and sweetened beverages should be avoided. Fruit juices, coffee and tea should be consumed without sugar.

·       Red meat and fatty parts of chicken should be avoided.

·       Skimmed milk and milk products should be included in the diet.

·       Probiotics with low fat can be included.

·       Colored fruits and vegetables, green leafy vegetables should be a part of every meal. This will provide fibre, antioxidants and also vitamins and minerals.

·       No saturated or trans-fats should be included in the diet, fried foods, junk foods should be completely avoided.

·       Methods of cooking should be modified; boiling, poaching, steaming, pressure cooking and simmering should be used instead of frying.

·       Meals should not be skipped; feasting and fasting are not preffered. Snacking in between mealtimes is also normal.

Myths about metabolism in obesity:

1. Cardio exercise can increase metabolic rate:

Many people throughout the world believe that cardio exercise that increase the metabolic rate. But the fact is metabolic rate has nothing to do with cardio exercise. Cardio exercises like running, swimming, jogging, and cycling is just like any other regular exercise which helps us to loose weight. But it has nothing to do with metabolic rate. It has a role of burning calories which effects your body to lose weight.

2. Eating less will increase the metabolic rate:

Whether there is a question of weight lose hack or increasing metabolic rate, eating less not a scientific way of losing weight. On the contrary, there is nothing unscientific about losing weight by eating less. Just eat little by little at every three hours. Eat in such a way that even if there is a little space in the stomach it fills your stomach fairly. Eating less will increase physical fatigue, gastritis and fat on an empty stomach.

3. Drinking green tea only: 

We all know that green tea increases metabolism. But in that hope, there is a habit of drinking green tea again and again in a day. Drinking green tea repeatedly doesn’t mean that it will increase your metabolism rate a lot and fat will be lost. So it is no need to drink green tea more than twice a day.

4.   Female and male has the same metabolic rate: This idea is also very wrong. The metabolic rate of men and women of the same age will not be the same. Infact, the rate of metabolism depends on the structure of the muscles, physical structure, etc. The body’s metabolic rate also depends a lot on sleep, calorie intake, etc. So if you think the metabolic  rate of both men and women is same then you are absolutely wrong.

When determining the diet, there are many things to keep in mind. It’s not only the body weight, but also the metabolic rate of the body you also have to know whether there is any other disease or not. If these things can be followed it can make you loose weight. Exclude oil and fried foods from the menu. Restore health in soups, stews and cooked foods. Cook with as little oil as possible and avoid extra spicy foods.

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